The Pew Charitable Trusts hosted its Second Global Artificial Intelligence in Fisheries Monitoring Summit (AI Summit) in Honolulu, Hawaii from January 23-25, 2024. It convened 35 global experts (from Asia, Latin America, North America, Europe, Australia, and the Pacific Islands) to discuss how artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML), in conjunction with electronic monitoring (EM), can help secure greater transparency and accountability of the world’s fisheries. Attendees presented their experiences developing and implementing AI technologies and associated emerging technologies and discussed real and perceived obstacles to expanding the use of AI, and ways to address and overcome those challenges.